What Is Hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows direct visualization of the inside of the uterus using a thin, lighted instrument called a hysteroscope. The hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterine cavity, enabling the physician to both diagnose and treat certain uterine conditions in a single procedure.
When Is This Procedure Needed?
Hysteroscopy is often recommended for:
- Investigating abnormal uterine bleeding.
- Diagnosing and removing uterine polyps or fibroids.
- Evaluating infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss.
- Removing intrauterine adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome).
- Locating and removing retained intrauterine devices (IUDs).
Procedure Overview
- Preparation – Performed in an office or surgical setting, sometimes with local or general anesthesia.
- Hysteroscope Insertion – The hysteroscope is gently passed through the cervix into the uterus.
- Uterine Cavity Distension – Saline or another distending medium is used to expand the cavity for better visualization.
- Examination – The doctor inspects the uterine lining for abnormalities.
- Treatment (if needed) – Instruments may be passed through the hysteroscope to remove polyps, fibroids, or scar tissue.
Benefits
- Direct and detailed view of the uterine cavity.
- Can combine diagnosis and treatment in one procedure.
- Short recovery time for most patients.
- No abdominal incision required.
Risks & Considerations
- Mild cramping, spotting, or discharge after the procedure.
- Rare complications: uterine perforation, infection, or heavy bleeding.
- Not performed if pregnancy is suspected or pelvic infection is present.